Tertiary lymphoid structures

Tertiary lymphoid structures

Akil Gani

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in cancer are small immune hubs that form inside or around tumours. They gather T cells, B cells, and other immune helpers in one spot, making it easier for the body to recognize and attack cancer. When tumours have lots of well-organized TLS, patients often respond better to immunotherapy and may have improved survival. Not all TLS are equally effective, though—some are early or disorganized and don’t boost immunity as strongly. Scientists are exploring ways to encourage helpful TLS to form in tumours.